Iran’s control of Strait of Hormuz raises legal issues; reopening unlikely

The tightening control by Iran over the Strait of Hormuz has created significant instability for global shipping, with recent reports from The Financial Times suggesting a full reopening remains unlikely throughout 2026. As major energy importers like India, China, Japan, and South Korea face restricted transit, vessels such as VLCCs and bulk carriers traversing the Persian Gulf encounter heightened geopolitical risks. This maritime bottleneck, critical for global oil supply chains, continues to disrupt standard transit routes near the Port of Bandar Abbas.

From a regulatory perspective, these disruptions challenge compliance with the International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code, specifically Part A, which mandates stringent security measures for vessels operating in high-risk areas. Operators must ensure adherence to SOLAS Chapter XI-2, requiring updated Ship Security Plans (SSP) and rigorous drills. Furthermore, classification society requirements regarding hull and machinery insurance often necessitate strict adherence to War Risk Area protocols, forcing compliance departments to continuously monitor UNCLOS provisions regarding transit passage rights.

Masters and navigating officers must prioritize bridge resource management and maintain heightened situational awareness while transiting these restricted waters. It is essential for these rank groups to verify that all navigational equipment is operational and that the vessel’s security alert system is ready for immediate deployment. Officers should strictly follow current BMP5 guidelines to mitigate risks, ensuring that all crew members are briefed on emergency procedures should the vessel be approached or detained by regional naval forces.