Safe ammonia bunkering in ports is feasible – MMMCZCS

The Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller Center for Zero Carbon Shipping (MMMCZCS) recently confirmed that ammonia bunkering is technically feasible for the global merchant fleet. While ammonia is already a common bulk cargo, its adoption as a marine fuel faces significant hurdles due to extreme toxicity and evolving engine technology. This study provides a vital framework for port authorities and shipping companies to integrate ammonia fuel systems, ensuring that future zero-carbon operations meet the rigorous safety standards required for international maritime trade.

Transitioning to ammonia fuel requires strict adherence to the International Code of Safety for Ships using Gases or other Low-flashpoint Fuels (IGF Code), which falls under SOLAS Chapter II-1. Compliance departments must ensure that vessel design and bunkering procedures align with these international regulations to mitigate risks associated with toxic gas releases. Furthermore, the implementation must satisfy Class society requirements and MARPOL Annex VI standards regarding emissions. Navigating these complex regulatory frameworks is essential for shipowners aiming to achieve decarbonization targets while maintaining operational safety and port state control compliance.

The adoption of ammonia bunkering will fundamentally shift the operational responsibilities of chief engineers and second engineers. These officers must undergo specialized training to manage high-pressure fuel systems, emergency shutdown protocols, and toxic gas detection equipment. Engine ratings will also require updated safety certifications to handle bunkering hoses and containment procedures. Mastering these new technical competencies is critical for seafarers to ensure safe fuel transfers and maintain engine room safety in the era of alternative marine fuels.