⚓ Salvage Convention + LLMC

A grounded ship has been re-floated and towed by a professional salvor to a place of safety. As per the Salvage Convention the salvor has a right to award (a) List the various criteria which are considered under Article 13 of the Convention for determining the amount of award. (6) (b) State the duties of the salvor and the shipowner/master as per this Convention. (5) (c) Assuming LOF-2000 was agreed between the parties, discuss when is the Convention applicable and when the LOF if any dispute arises. (5)

(a) What is LLMC and what is its purpose? Which are the two heads of claims for which limitation is stated in this Convention? Who can limit liability under this convention? (b) Explain the terms: Plaintiff, Defendant, Privity and Unlimited liability.

(a) Enumerate the three main principles of LLMC (Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims) convention 1976 and explain its linkage with two other IMO Liability and compensation Conventions. (5) (b) Discuss what are the different liabilities covered under the LLMC (Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims) Convention 1976. (5) (c) Discuss the principles of the International Salvage Convention 1989, as established by the IMO. Furthermore, examine the rationale for extending liability limitation to salvors under the LLMC Convention, and specify the current liability limit applicable to them. (6)